Pattern of Mandible fracture reported in a single institute: A retrospective analysis of 1230 cases to determine causes of facial trauma and preventive strategies in Lahore Population

Abstract

Background: Maxillofacial fractures are the most commonly reported injuries in developed as well as developing countries, among all facial bones; mandible is most commonly fractured. The pattern of mandibular bone fracture has changed drastically over the past two decades due to increase occurrence of high velocity impact. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern and causes of mandibular fractures that have reported in the Department of Surgery at Punjab Dental Hospital Lahore.

Methods: Ethical Review Committee of de’Montmorency College of Dentistry (DCD), Lahore, granted the Ethical approval for this retrospective study. Data was taken from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of de’Montmorency College of Dentistry/ Punjab Dental Hospital (DCD/PDH) by using secondary data of indoor register from January 2017 to December 2020. Record which met our inclusion criteria was included in this study and record having incomplete data was excluded. A total of 1230 cases were entered in SPSS version 21 to determine descriptive statistic of the data. Percentages and frequencies of variables like gender, site of fracture and causes of fracture were calculated.  

Results: Our study included 1230 patients out of which 873 were males and 357 were females. The most affected age group was the fourth decade of life (38.1%) and the major etiological factor was road traffic accident (RTA) which led to fractures in 1067 patients (86.7%). Para-symphysis and symphysis was the most commonly affected area comprising of 36.2% of all fractures. The second most common sit was condyle (23.9%). Least commonly fractured site was coronoid process of the mandible.

Conclusion: Cause of majority of mandible fractures is RTA and most commonly affected anatomical site were Para-symphysis and Symphysis.